Former World Bank chief Kristalina Georgieva knew about a top official’s sexual misconduct but failed to take any action despite publicly saying she was a strong defender of female victims of sexual harassment, according to current and former bank staff.

Ms. Georgieva, now the head of the International Monetary Fund, agreed to extend the term of the bank’s then-chief in Indonesia in 2018 even after a staff outcry about his behavior. The misconduct of the bank official, Rodrigo Chaves, continued in Indonesia, according to people familiar with the matter.